The Mounted Police, also known as the Force Mounted Troop, is one of the oldest specialized units in the Nigeria Police Force, with roots in the colonial-era police formations of the early 20th century. It was developed to provide mobile patrol capabilities in areas where horses offered advantages over foot or vehicle movement, particularly in rural, open terrains, and for ceremonial purposes. Today, the unit operates under the Force Headquarters and maintains trained personnel and horses for both operational and representational roles. It forms part of the broader specialized support structure of the Nigeria Police Force alongside other units like the K-9 and Airwing.

In its current mandate, the Mounted Police conducts patrols in difficult-to-access terrains such as forests, game reserves, and border areas; provides crowd control and escort duties during major public events; and participates in ceremonial parades and state functions. The unit enhances the visibility and traditional image of the Police while supporting ground operations where mounted patrols improve mobility and community engagement. It also trains officers in equestrian skills and horse management to sustain operational readiness, complementing modern policing methods with this historic capability.